Country profiles: Czech Republic

Tucked away in the heart of Europe, the Czech Republic is one of those destinations that quietly overdelivers. From storybook cities and spa towns to rugged national parks and beer halls that feel like living rooms, it offers a rich mix of culture, history and everyday charm. Whether you are planning a city break in Prague or a slower journey through Moravia, this country profile will help you get to know the Czech Republic before you go.

Where is the Czech Republic

The Czech Republic is a landlocked country in Central Europe, bordered by Germany, Austria, Slovakia and Poland. Its central location has shaped its history, architecture and culture, making it a crossroads of European influence. Despite its compact size, it packs in a surprising amount of variety, with medieval towns, rolling vineyards and dense forests all within a few hours of each other.

A quick look at Czech history

Czech history is layered and complex, and you can feel it as you walk through its towns and cities. The region was once the heart of the Kingdom of Bohemia and later part of the

Austro-Hungarian Empire. In the 20th century it experienced Nazi occupation, decades of communism and finally the Velvet Revolution of 1989, which led to democracy and, in 1993, the peaceful split of Czechoslovakia.

Today, this history is preserved in castles, old town squares and museums, but it also shapes the Czech character. There is a strong sense of independence, resilience and dry humour that visitors often notice straight away.

Prague and beyond

Prague is the obvious starting point for many trips, and with good reason. The city is breathtaking, with its Gothic spires, Charles Bridge, Prague Castle and maze of cobbled streets. It is also very walkable and easy to explore over a long weekend.

That said, the Czech Republic has far more to offer beyond the capital. Český Krumlov, a UNESCO-listed town in South Bohemia, feels like a fairy tale come to life. Brno, the country’s second city, is youthful and creative, with great cafes and a strong food scene. Karlovy Vary and Mariánské Lázně are elegant spa towns known for their colonnades and mineral springs.

For nature lovers, Bohemian Switzerland National Park and the Šumava mountains offer hiking, cycling and quiet escapes from the crowds.

Food and drink to try

Czech cuisine is hearty, comforting and built for cold winters. Traditional dishes often feature meat, potatoes and rich sauces. Classics include svíčková, which is beef in a creamy vegetable sauce served with bread dumplings, and vepřo knedlo zelo, roast pork with dumplings and sauerkraut.

Vegetarians can still eat well, especially in larger cities where international food and modern Czech cooking are increasingly common. Soups are a big deal here, and even a simple garlic soup can be surprisingly memorable.

The Czech Republic is famous for its beer, and it proudly has the highest beer consumption per capita in the world. Pilsner originated here, and beer is often cheaper than bottled water. Even if you are not a beer expert, visiting a local pub is an essential cultural experience.

Getting around the country

Travelling around the Czech Republic is straightforward and affordable. Trains are reliable, frequent and connect even smaller towns. Buses are also a good option and often fill in the gaps where train lines do not go.

Prague has an excellent public transport system, including trams, metro lines and buses. English signage is common, and tickets are simple to use once you understand the time-based system.

Hiring a car can be useful for exploring rural areas, but it is rarely necessary for city-focused trips.

When to visit

The best time to visit the Czech Republic depends on what you want from your trip. Late spring and early autumn are ideal for sightseeing, with mild weather and fewer crowds.

Summer brings festivals and long evenings, but also higher prices and busier streets, especially in Prague.

Winter can be cold and dark, but it has its own appeal. Christmas markets light up town squares, and snowy landscapes make places like Český Krumlov even more atmospheric.

Practical tips for travellers

The local currency is the Czech koruna, not the euro, although cards are widely accepted. It is still worth carrying some cash for smaller shops and pubs.

English is commonly spoken in tourist areas, but learning a few basic Czech words is always appreciated. Czech people can seem reserved at first, but they are generally helpful and warm once you engage.

The Czech Republic is considered very safe for travellers, including solo visitors. As with anywhere, keep an eye on your belongings in busy areas and use common sense.

Why the Czech Republic deserves a place on your itinerary

The Czech Republic offers a balance that is hard to find elsewhere. It is rich in history without feeling stuck in the past, affordable without feeling cheap, and popular without losing its local identity. Whether you are sipping beer in a neighbourhood pub, hiking through sandstone rock formations or watching the sun set over Prague’s rooftops, it has a way of staying with you.

If you are looking for a European destination that combines culture, beauty and everyday authenticity, the Czech Republic is well worth your time.

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